Cultural Etiquette in Egypt: 10 Essential Tips for American Travelers

Egypt is a country full of rich history, stunning landscapes, and warm hospitality. If you're planning to visit, it’s important to understand the local customs and cultural traditions to ensure you have a respectful and enjoyable experience. Here’s a guide to help American travelers navigate cultural etiquette and traditions in Egypt.

1. Greetings: Warm and Respectful

In Egypt, greetings are very important. When meeting someone, a warm and respectful greeting is expected. Saying "As-salamu alaykum" (السلام عليكم), meaning “Peace be upon you,” is a common and polite way to greet people. You’ll hear the response, "Wa alaykum as-salam" (وعليكم السلام), which means “And upon you be peace.”

Handshakes are the usual greeting, but be mindful that men and women may not shake hands unless the woman initiates it, especially in more conservative areas.
If you are close to someone, you might also greet them with a hug or a kiss on the cheek, which is common in Egyptian culture, particularly among friends and family.

2. Dress Modestly, Especially in Religious Settings

Egypt is a predominantly Muslim country, so it’s important to dress modestly, especially in more traditional or rural areas. In larger cities like Cairo, dress codes can be more relaxed, but it's still good practice to be respectful.

For women: It's advisable to cover your shoulders, cleavage, and knees. When visiting mosques or churches, be prepared to cover your hair with a scarf.
For men: Shorts are acceptable in many places, but avoid wearing sleeveless shirts, particularly when visiting religious sites or more conservative areas.

3. Respect for Religion and Religious Practices

Religion is a big part of daily life in Egypt. The majority of Egyptians are Muslims, and religious practices influence many aspects of society. Understanding and respecting these customs will help you feel more comfortable during your trip.

Ramadan: If you're visiting during Ramadan, note that Muslims fast from dawn to sunset. It's polite not to eat or drink in public during the day, especially in the presence of those who are fasting. Many restaurants will close or have limited hours during this time, but some will have special areas for tourists.
Prayer times: Egypt has five daily prayers, and you’ll hear the call to prayer from mosques. If you’re in a mosque or church during prayer time, it’s respectful to remain quiet and wait for the service to conclude.

4. Tipping (Baksheesh)

Tipping, or baksheesh, is a common practice in Egypt. It’s an important part of the culture, as many people in the service industry rely on tips to supplement their income.

In restaurants, a tip of 10-15% is appreciated. If a service charge is already added to your bill, a smaller tip is still appreciated for good service.
Hotel staff, like porters or housekeepers, expect small tips, typically around 10-20 EGP.
Street vendors and taxi drivers also appreciate tips, especially if they offer extra help, like carrying your bags.

5. Bargaining and Shopping in Markets

Shopping in Egypt is often an experience in itself, especially in the bustling markets like Khan El Khalili in Cairo. Bargaining is part of the fun, and you'll find that many vendors expect you to haggle.

Start with a price lower than what you're willing to pay and negotiate toward a middle ground. Vendors generally enjoy the back and forth, and it’s part of the tradition.
Be polite and friendly during the process. Egyptians value kindness, and bargaining doesn’t need to feel confrontational.

6. Public Displays of Affection

While you’ll see couples holding hands or walking together in Egypt, public displays of affection (PDA) are generally avoided, especially in rural or conservative areas. While larger cities are more tolerant, it's best to keep affection private.

Hugging, kissing, or any overt displays of affection may attract unwanted attention. It’s best to keep your interactions more reserved in public spaces.

7. Taking Photos: Be Respectful

Egypt is full of beautiful sights, from the ancient pyramids to the colorful markets. However, it’s important to be respectful when it comes to photography.

Ask permission before taking photos of people, especially women. Some locals may not want to be photographed, so it’s best to be polite and respectful.
When visiting religious sites, check whether photography is allowed. Some places, like mosques, might have restrictions on photography.

8. Socializing and Hospitality

Egyptians are renowned for their hospitality, and it’s common to be offered tea, coffee, or juice when visiting someone’s home. If you’re invited to someone’s house, it’s polite to bring a small gift as a gesture of appreciation.

Tea is a common offering, and even if you're not a fan, it's polite to accept. If you don’t drink it, gently decline, but always express your thanks for the gesture.
When sharing a meal, it’s customary to eat with your right hand, as the left hand is considered unclean in many Middle Eastern cultures.

9. Punctuality

Egyptians tend to have a more relaxed view of time, especially in social settings. However, for formal events like business meetings or guided tours, punctuality is appreciated.

If you’re meeting someone for a business meeting or a tour, try to be on time, but don’t be surprised if others arrive a little late. Time is more flexible in personal settings, and Egyptians understand that life can be unpredictable.

10. Family and Social Values

Family is at the core of Egyptian society. Relationships with family are very important, and you’ll often see large family gatherings during holidays and celebrations. The value placed on family makes social interactions warm and welcoming.

Respecting family values and the role they play in daily life is key to understanding Egyptian culture. Egyptians are friendly and proud of their heritage, and their sense of community is reflected in the way they interact with each other and with visitors.

Conclusion

Egypt is a country that blends ancient traditions with modern culture, and learning about its customs and etiquette will help you connect more deeply with the people and the culture. By dressing modestly, respecting religious practices, engaging in polite greetings, and understanding social norms, you’ll show the locals that you appreciate their way of life.

Egypt is a welcoming place for travelers, and by following these cultural tips, you can have a respectful, enjoyable visit to this fascinating country.